• Assalamu’alaikum Warohmatullohi Wabarakatuhu...
    Bismillaahirrohmaanirrohiim ....

    KEUNTUNGAN PEMANFAATAN  KULTUR JARINGAN

    ¨ Pengadaan bibit tidak tergantung musim

    ¨ Bibit dapat diproduksi dalam jumlah banyak. Dengan waktu yang relatif lebih cepat (dari 

       satu mata tunas yang sudah respon dalam 1  tahun dapat dihasilkan minimal 10.000

       planlet/bibit)

    ¨ Bibit yang dihasilkan seragam

    ¨ Bibit yang dihasilkan bebas penyakit (menggunakan organ tertentu)

    ¨ Biaya pengangkutan bibit relatif lebih murah dan mudah

    ¨ Dalam proses pembibitan bebas dari gangguan hama, penyakit, dan deraan lingkungan

      lainnya

    KULTUR jaringan adalah serangkaian kegiatan yang dilakukan untuk membuat bagian tanaman (akar, tunas, jaringan tumbuh tanaman) tumbuh menjadi tanaman utuh (sempurna) dikondisi invitro (didalam gelas).

    Keuntungan dari kultur jaringan lebih hemat tempat, hemat waktu, dan tanaman yang diperbanyak dengan kultur jaringan mempunyai sifat sama atau seragam dengan induknya. Contoh tanaman yang sudah lazim diperbanyak secara kultur jaringan adalah tanaman anggrek.

     

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  • Assalamu’alaikum Warohmatullohi Wabarakatuhu...
    Bismillaahirrohmaanirrohiim ....

    Metode kultur jaringan

    Kultur Jaringan '

    Kultur jaringan merupakan salah satu cara perbanyakan tanaman secara vegetatif. Kultur jaringan merupakan teknik perbanyakan tanaman dengan cara mengisolasi bagian tanaman seperti daun, mata tunas, serta menumbuhkan bagian-bagian tersebut dalam media buatan secara aseptik yang kaya nutrisi dan zat pengatur tumbuh dalam wadah tertutup yang tembus cahaya sehingga bagian tanaman dapat memperbanyak diri dan bergenerasi menjadi tanaman lengkap.


    Prinsip utama dari teknik kultur jaringan adalah perbayakan tanaman dengan menggunakan bagian vegetatif tanaman menggunakan media buatan yang dilakukan di tempat steril.

    Metode kultur jaringan dikembangkan untuk membantu memperbanyak tanaman, khususnya untuk tanaman yang sulit dikembangbiakkan secara generatif.

    Bibit yang dihasilkan dari kultur jaringan mempunyai beberapa keunggulan, antara lain: mempunyai sifat yang identik dengan induknya, dapat diperbanyak dalam jumlah yang besar sehingga  tidak terlalu membutuhkan tempat yang luas, mampu menghasilkan bibit dengan jumlah besar dalam waktu yang singkat, kesehatan dan mutu bibit lebih terjamin, kecepatan tumbuh bibit lebih cepat dibandingkan dengan perbanyakan konvensional.


    Tahapan yang dilakukan dalam perbanyakan tanaman dengan teknik kultur jaringan adalah:
    1)    Pembuatan media
    2)    Inisiasi
    3)    Sterilisasi
    4)    Multiplikasi
    5)    Pengakaran
    6)    Aklimatisasi

    Media merupakan faktor penentu dalam perbanyakan dengan kultur jaringan.  Komposisi media yang digunakan tergantung dengan jenis tanaman yang akan diperbanyak. Media yang digunakan biasanya terdiri dari garam mineral, vitamin, dan hormon.


    Selain itu, diperlukan juga bahan tambahan seperti agar, gula, dan lain-lain.  Zat pengatur tumbuh (hormon) yang ditambahkan juga bervariasi, baik jenisnya maupun jumlahnya, tergantung dengan tujuan dari kultur jaringan yang dilakukan.  Media yang sudah jadi ditempatkan pada tabung reaksi atau botol-botol kaca.  Media yang digunakan juga harus disterilkan dengan cara memanaskannya dengan autoklaf.

    Inisiasi adalah pengambilan eksplan dari bagian tanaman yang akan dikulturkan. Bagian tanaman yang sering digunakan untuk kegiatan kultur jaringan adalah tunas.

    Sterilisasi adalah bahwa segala kegiatan dalam kultur jaringan harus dilakukan di tempat yang steril, yaitu di laminar flow dan menggunakan alat-alat yang juga steril. Sterilisasi juga dilakukan terhadap peralatan, yaitu menggunakan etanol yang disemprotkan secara merata pada peralatan yang digunakan.  Teknisi yang melakukan kultur jaringan juga harus steril. 

    Multiplikasi adalah kegiatan memperbanyak calon tanaman dengan menanam eksplan pada media. Kegiatan ini dilakukan di laminar flow untuk menghindari adanya kontaminasi yang menyebabkan gagalnya pertumbuhan eksplan.  Tabung reaksi yang telah ditanami ekplan diletakkan pada rak-rak dan ditempatkan di tempat yang steril dengan suhu kamar.

    Pengakaran adalah fase dimana eksplan akan menunjukkan adanya pertumbuhan akar yang menandai bahwa proses kultur jaringan yang dilakukan mulai berjalan dengan baik.  Pengamatan dilakukan setiap hari untuk melihat pertumbuhan dan perkembangan akar serta untuk melihat adanya kontaminasi oleh bakteri ataupun jamur.

    Eksplan yang terkontaminasi akan menunjukkan gejala seperti berwarna putih atau biru (disebabkan jamur) atau busuk (disebabkan bakteri).

    Aklimatisasi adalah kegiatan memindahkan eksplan keluar dari ruangan aseptic ke bedeng. Pemindahan dilakukan secara hati-hati dan bertahap, yaitu dengan memberikan sungkup. Sungkup digunakan untuk melindungi bibit dari udara luar dan serangan hama penyakit karena bibit hasil kultur jaringan sangat rentan terhadap serangan hama penyakit dan udara luar. Setelah bibit mampu beradaptasi dengan lingkungan barunya maka secara bertahap sungkup dilepaskan dan pemeliharaan bibit dilakukan dengan cara yang sama dengan pemeliharaan bibit generatif.

    Keunggulan inilah yang menarik bagi produsen bibit untuk mulai mengembangkan usaha kultur jaringan ini. Saat ini sudah terdapat beberapa tanaman kehutanan yang dikembangbiakkan dengan teknik kultur jaringan, antara lain adalah: jati, sengon, akasia, dll.

    Bibit hasil kultur jaringan yang ditanam di beberapa areal menunjukkan pertumbuhan yang baik, bahkan jati hasil kultur jaringan yang sering disebut dengan jati emas dapat dipanen dalam jangka waktu yang relatif lebih pendek dibandingkan dengan tanaman jati yang berasal dari benih generatif, terlepas dari kualitas kayunya yang belum teruji di Indonesia. Hal ini sangat menguntungkan pengusaha karena akan memperoleh hasil yang lebih cepat.

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  • Assalamu’alaikum Warohmatullohi Wabarakatuhu...
    Bismillaahirrohmaanirrohiim ....
    SEKILAS TENTANG KULTUR JARINGAN

    Kultur Jaringan '


    Kultur Jaringan merupakan bagian dari revolusi bioteknologi, yaitu suatu teknik perbanyakan tanaman melalui bagian-bagian tanaman, seperti meristem tunas, batang atau daun, yang pengerjaannya secara aseptik di laboratorium. Dengan teknik kultur jaringan akan dihasilkan bibit yang sehat, tidak membawa penyakit, serta memiliki pertumbuhan yang baik dan seragam. Melalui teknik ini dimungkinkan untuk menghasilkan bibit dalam jumlah banyak dalam waktu yang cepat.

    Perbanyakan tanaman dengan teknik kultur jaringan dilakukan dengan beberapa tahap yakni:


    1. Tahap Inisiasi
    Tahap pengambilan bagian dari tanaman yang berupa jaringan, tunas ujung maupun ketiak ataupun biji yang telah di sterilkan dan ditanam pada suatu medium yang steril di dalam botol. Diharapkan bagian
      tanaman tersebut (eksplan) akan survive dan bebas kontaminasi sehingga dapat meemperbanyak diri.


    2. Tahap Multiplikasi
    Tahap perbanyakan atau penggadaan diri dari eksplan yang telah survive dan bertumbuh. Proses
      ini dapat dilakukan  berkali-kali dengan faktor perbanyakan tertentu yang berbeda untuk setiap jenis tanaman. Eksplan yang sudah bertumbuh dan beranak dipindah-pindahkan kemedium dipindahkan ke medium yang baru.


    3. Tahap Melengkapi  Organ- organ tanaman
    Pada tahap ini eksplan akan membentuk organ–organ daun dan akar
      selanjutnya menjadi tanaman yang lengkap dan siap untuk diaklimatisasi.


    4. Tahap Aklimatisasi
    Proses pemindahan plantlet dari botol ke alam bebas, dengan melalui tahap penyesuaian secara bertahap. Dalam proses ini, bibit di keluarkan dari dalam botol dan dibersihkan, kemudian
      ditanam pada media semi steril pada wadah atau  pot untuk pembesaran selanjutnya.

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  • “As-salámu ‘alaikum wa rahmatul láhi wa barakátuh!” Bismillah Ar Rahman Ar Raheem 

    Al Risalah is the channel of communication between Allah and mankind.

    (The Prophets, the Divine Books, and the Angels.)

    Allah has given guidance to man to follow the right path to make this world a happy and peaceful place to live in. Allah will reward greatly those who follow His guidance. Since the beginning of the creation, Allah has sent his guidance for mankind through prophets and messengers. They are Allah's selected people. They invited people towards Tawhid. They taught, guided and trained the people to follow the way of Allah.

    We need Allah's guidance because we are weak and have no knowledge of the future. The knowledge we have is very limited. We are not perfect and we cannot make guidance which can hold good for all times and all conditions. This is the reason why Allah has blessed us with guidance.

    Allah's guidance to mankind began with Adam (pbuh) and was completed with Muhammed (pbuh). According to Prophet Mohammed (pbuh), the number of Prophets are one hundred and twenty four thousand. The Quran mentions only the twenty-five most prominent by name. Allah sent Prophets and Messengers to every nation at different times to bring back forgetful people to the right path (As-Siratul Mustaqim).

    We trust our Prophets. We follow the way they show us. In matters we do not know, we accept their advice and act accordingly. We get knowledge of what we do not know from the one who knows. We believe that the Prophets have direct contact with Allah. We admit that they speak the truth and deserve to be believed and followed. This kind of belief is called "belief in the unknown" (Iman-bil-ghayb). Iman-bil-ghayb is essential for obedience to Allah and to seek His pleasure.

     

    Whenever Allah was forgotten and evil customs grew, Allah raised Prophets among those people. Each one reminded his people of the lesson they had forgotten. They brought their people back to Tawhid. Every Prophet had the same religion, the religion of Islam. It must be clearly understood now that Prophet Muhammed (pbuh) is the last of Allah's Prophets and He is the Messenger for the whole of mankind.

    Through his life example and the Quran alone we can know the Siratul Mustaqim of Islam. The message of Muhammad (pbuh) was not meant for any particular people, place or period. He was raised for the whole of mankind. He has been described in the Quran as, 'Khatam-an- Nabiyyin' (the last of the chain of the true Prophets). His teachings will guide men through all ages to come.

    Not only this, Allah has also sent books of guidance through the Prophets and Messengers. The Quran is the last book of guidance from Allah. We are Allah's agents on earth. We need guidance to carry out our duties as Allah's agents. Allah has guided us through His books of revelations. The pure, perfect and most useful knowledge comes only from Allah, The Wisest and the Greatest Creator of the Mankind.

    A Muslim believes in all the revealed books which are mentioned in the Quran. They are:

    The Tawrat (Torah) of Musa (pbuh)The Zabur of Dawood (pbuh)The lnjil (Bible) of lsa (Jesus) (pbuh)The Quran also mentions Suhuf-e-lbrahim (Scrolls of Ibrahim)The Quran revealed to Muhammed (pbuh)

    Only the Quran exists in its original form, unchanged. The other divine books are not available in their original language and form. Even their original texts do not exist. The Zabur, Tawrat and lnjil were compiled by their followers many years after the death of the prophets to whom they were revealed. Their compilers have modified, changed and destorted Allah's words. They mixed their words with Allah's words.

    The Bible is available today, but it has many incorrect things in it. Of all the divine books, two of the Quran's original copies from khalifah Uthman's (ra) time still exist today. One is in the Topkapi Museum in Istanbul (Turkey) and the other is in Tashkent (Tajikistan). The National library of Karachi, Pakistan has a photocopy of the Tashkent original. The message of the Quran is valid for all times and conditions. It is a complete and perfect guidance for all mankind.

    Allah maintains His kingdom in the most superb way. The angels are his most obedient and loyal servants. They carry out his commandments.

    They help man in the use of free will. Their duty is to glorify and praise Allah. They never get tired. They do not eat or sleep. They do not have free will. They can take any suitable form to do their duties. They have been created from divine light (Nur).

    The most prominent among the angels are Jibrail. He brought the revelations from Allah to all the Prophets.Angel reffered as Izrail is called 'The Angel of Death' (Malakul Mawt). He is responsible for ending our life.Israfil will blow the trumpet on the Day of Judgement.The two angels who record our deeds are called 'Kiraman Katibin'.

    Angels will welcome in Heaven those of us who always obey Allah and throw the wrongdoers into Hell. (Surah Az-Zumar, Ayat 71-74)

    http://islam.worldofislam.info/

    Allah maintains His kingdom in the most superb way. The angels are his most obedient and loyal servants. They carry out his commandments. They help man in the use of free will. Their duty is to glorify and praise Allah.

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  • Please do not run away from yourself or try to avoid checking on yourself.

    In the Name of Allaah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful

    I praise Allaah, Who has brought near to us the means of goodness and
    has opened the gate of repentance to His slaves, and I send blessings and peace upon the
    Messenger of Allaah.

    I have put together these few words for everyone who wants to change his situation and his actions so as to earn the pleasure of his Creator and achieve happiness in this world and in the Hereafter. I ask Allaah to make it of benefit to those who read it and tell others about it, and I ask Allaah to forgive sins both open and secret.

    Repentance in Ramadaan

    My dear brother, I congratulate you on the occasion of this blessed month, the month of repentance, forgiveness and ransom from the Fire, the month of goodness and blessing, the month of generosity and kindness. I say to myself, to you and to everyone who is falling short in his duties towards his
    Lord:

    “O you who did not have enough of sin in Rajab, So he continued to disobey his Lord during the month of Sha’baan, Now these two months have been followed by the month of patience, So do not let this be a month of sin too. Recite the Qur’aan and glorify your Lord during this month, striving your utmost,

    For it is the month of glorification and Qur’aan.” [Arabic poetry]

    The month of Ramadaan has come… so come to Allaah, O seeker of good The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said: “When the first night of Ramadaan comes, the devils and demons are chained up, and the gates of Hell are closed and not one gate of it is opened. The gates of Paradise are opened and not one gate of it is closed. And a caller calls out: ‘O seeker of good, come to Allaah;

    O seeker of evil, desist.’ Allaah will have ransomed some people from the Fire, and that happens every night.” (Narrated by al-Tirmidhi and Ibn Maajah with a hasan isnaad).

    It was narrated from Abu Hurayrah (may Allaah be pleased with him) that the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said, “Ameen, ameen, ameen.” It was said, “O Messenger of Allaah, you climbed up on the minbar and said, ‘Ameen, ameen, ameen.’ He said, ‘Jibreel (peace be upon him), came to me and said, “Whoever witnesses the month of Ramadaan and is not forgiven so he enters Hell, may Allaah cast him away. Say Ameen.” So I said Ameen.’” (This hadeeth was narrated by Ahmad and is saheeh).

    Yes… Ramadaan has come, so turn to your Lord – Whom you have disobeyed – beseeching Him and fearing Him, regretting and weeping… and say, “O God of the Universe, I am returning (to You).”

    “O Giver of all good things, give me guidance, For there is no good without guidance. Overlook my istakes with forgiveness, kindness and mercy, For no one else can bestow forgiveness.” [Arabic poetry]

    My brother, if you are not forgiven, if your eyes do not shed tears and your heart does not break before your Lord in this month, then when?

    My brother, why do you not shed tears for fear of your Lord even once? Do you not feel that your heart is close to your Lord during this month? Do you not think that this is an opportunity for you to draw closer to your Lord and increase in humility, repentance and submission, so that it may be the true beginning of your returning to your Lord so that you may be more closely connected with Allaah?


    “While as for those who accept guidance, He increases their guidance and bestows on them their piety [Muhammad 47:17 – interpretation of the meaning] “O man!” Allaah rebukes us and tells us (interpretation of the meaning):

    “O man! What has made you careless about your Lord, the Most Generous? [al-Infitaar 82:6] Indeed, O man, what has made you careless about your Lord, so that you have become so audacious in disobeying Him and transgressing His limits? Is it because you are ignoring His blessings?


    Or because you forget that He is always watching over you, and that He is almighty? “I am the one who closes the doors, striving in sin (in secret), although the eye of Allaah is watching me.


    How patient Allaah is with me, when He lets me off Although I persist in my sin, and He covers me.” [Arabic poetry]

    My brother… do not look at how small your sin is… but look at how great is the One Whom you are disobeying.

    My brother… Do not let Allaah be the one whom you care the least about of all those who are watching you. Good news for you Here I bring you good news from your Lord and His Messenger (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him). Allaah says (interpretation of the meaning): “Say:

    “O ‘Ibaadi (My slaves) who have transgressed against themselves (by committing evil deeds and sins)! Despair not of the Mercy of Allaah, verily, Allaah forgives all sins. Truly, He is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful” [al- Zumar 39:53]

    “And those who invoke not any other ilaah (god) along with Allaah, nor kill such person as Allaah has forbidden, except for just cause, nor commit illegal sexual intercourse and whoever does this shall receive the punishment. The torment will be doubled to him on the Day of Resurrection, and he will abide therein in disgrace; Except those who repent and believe (in Islamic Monotheism), and do righteous deeds; for those, Allaah will change their sins into good deeds, and Allaah is
    Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful”[al-Furqaan 25:68-70]


    This is a great blessing and a great deal, for Allaah will change your sins into good deeds… Allaah is Most Great. No one misses out on such a great deal except one who is ignorant or who does not care about this blessing. So repent – my dear brother – if you want this great deal, “Allaah will change their sins into good deeds”.

    And listen to what your beloved Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said to encourage people to repent: “Allaah is more delighted with the repentance of His slave than one of you who suddenly finds his camel laden with supplies after losing it in a barren land.” (Agreed upon) And the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said: “Allaah says: ‘O son of Adam, so long as you call upon Me and put your hope in Me, I will forgive you no matter what you have done, and I do not mind.

    O son of Adam, if your sins were to reach up to the clouds of the sky, then you were to ask Me for forgiveness, I will forgive you and I do not mind.’” And he (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said: “Allaah says, ‘O My slaves, you commit sins by night and by day, but I forgive all sins. So ask Me for forgiveness and I will forgive you.’”


    And he (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said: “Allaah stretches forth His hand by night to accept the repentance of those who sinned during the day, and He stretches forth His hand by day to accept the repentance of those who sinned during the night. (This will continue) until the sun rises from the west.”


    The Messenger of Allaah (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) saw a woman looking for her young son among the prisoners of war. When she found him, she embraced him and gave him her breast. The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said, “Do you think that she could throw her child into the fire?” They said, “No.” He said, “Allaah is more merciful towards His slaves than this woman is towards her child.”

    Allaah is Most Great… After knowing of this generosity, can we ignore the matter of repentance? Can we delay repenting? O Allaah, glory be to You, how merciful You are. Glory be to You, how kind You are. Glory be to You, how generous You are.

    “When my heart grew hard and I did not know where to turn, I made the hope of Your forgiveness my way out. I thought that my sin was so great, but when I compared it To Your forgiveness, my Lord, Your forgiveness was greater. You never cease to forgive sin, and You never cease To be generous, out of Your bounty and kindness.” [Arabic poetry]

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